Asked by: Vincenzo Kartoziya
Asked in category: science, genetics
Last Updated: 30th Jun 2024
How is DNA and RNA similar and different?
Each DNA and RNA share four nitrogenous bases. Three of these are shared (Cytosine and Adenine), and one differs between them (RNA has Uracil, while DNA has Thymine). The most striking similarities between DNA/RNA and RNA are their phosphate backbones to which they attach.
What are the main differences between DNA, RNA and other proteins?
DNA is a polymer that contains deoxyriboses as well as a phosphate backbone. Having four distinct nitrogenous bases: Adenine, Guanine, Cytosine and Thymine. RNA polymer has a ribose-phosphate backbone. There are four different nitrogenous bases, namely adenine (guanine), cytosine (cytosine), and uracil.
You might also wonder, "What are the main differences between DNA & RNA?" Quick Answer. DNA has two strands, while RNA has one. RNA has ribose, while DNA has deoxyribose. Three of the nitrogenous bases in both types are identical (cytosine and adenine), while DNA has thymine, while RNA has uracil.
What do DNA andRNA share in common?
DNA and RNA: DNA (deoxyribonucleic acids) and RNA(ribonucleic acids) have many key differences. RNA hasuracil, while DNA hasthymine. Another is that DNA has deoxyribose sugar and RNA has ribose, while DNA is single-stranded.
What are the major differences between DNA (and RNA)?
The RNA has three hydroxyl groups while the DNA only has two. Uracil replaces the thymine in RNA. DNA tends to be double-stranded, while RNA tends to be single-stranded. However, both can exist in any form. Prokaryotes can contain both DNA as well as RNA.
17 Related Question Answers Found
What is the main function of RNA?
The main function of RNA is to carry information of amino acid sequence from the genes to where proteins are assembled on ribosomes in the cytoplasm. This is done by messenger RNA (mRNA). A single strand of DNA is the blueprint for the mRNA which is transcribed from that DNA strand.
What are 5 differences between DNA and RNA?
DNA contains the sugar deoxyribose, while RNA contains the sugar ribose. DNA and RNA base pairing is slightly different since DNA uses the bases adenine, thymine, cytosine, and guanine; RNA uses adenine, uracil, cytosine, and guanine. Uracil differs from thymine in that it lacks a methyl group on its ring.
What is DNA made of?
DNA is made up of molecules called nucleotides. Each nucleotide contains a phosphate group, a sugar group and a nitrogen base. The four types of nitrogen bases are adenine (A), thymine (T), guanine (G) and cytosine (C). The order of these bases is what determines DNA's instructions, or genetic code.
Why is RNA unstable?
RNA is susceptible to alkaline hydrolysis because the ribose sugar in RNA has a hydroxyl group at the 2' position, which makes RNA chemically unstable compared to DNA (DNA has hydrogen at the 2' position). DNA is stable in alkaline conditions. The RNA base, uracil, lacks this methyl group.
What is the purpose of transcription?
Describe the process and purpose of transcription. The purpose of transcription is to produce an mRNA copy of a gene, to allow the genetic information to pass out of the nucleus, through the nuclear pores where it can be used to assemble a protein.
Where is RNA found?
Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA) is found mainly in the nucleus of the cell, while Ribonucleic Acid (RNA) is found mainly in the cytoplasm of the cell although it is usually synthesized in the nucleus.
Where Is DNA Found?
Nearly every cell in a person's body has the same DNA. Most DNA is located in the cell nucleus (where it is called nuclear DNA), but a small amount of DNA can also be found in the mitochondria (where it is called mitochondrial DNA or mtDNA).
Who discovered DNA first?
Many people believe that American biologist James Watson and English physicist Francis Crick discovered DNA in the 1950s. In reality, this is not the case. Rather, DNA was first identified in the late 1860s by Swiss chemist Friedrich Miescher.
What are the similarities and differences of the three types of RNA?
Three major types of RNA are mRNA, or messenger RNA, that serve as temporary copies of the information found in DNA; rRNA, or ribosomal RNA, that serve as structural components of protein-making structures known as ribosomes; and finally, tRNA, or transfer RNA, that ferry amino acids to the ribosome to be assembled
How many types of RNA are there?
There are 4 types of RNA, each encoded by its own type of gene:
- mRNA - Messenger RNA: Encodes amino acid sequence of a polypeptide.
- tRNA - Transfer RNA: Brings amino acids to ribosomes during translation.
- rRNA - Ribosomal RNA: With ribosomal proteins, makes up the ribosomes, the organelles that translate the mRNA.
What is the relationship between DNA and RNA?
DNA has Thymine, where as RNA has Uracil. RNA nucleotides include sugar ribose, rather than the Deoxyribose that is part of DNA. Functionally, DNA maintains the protein-encoding information, whereas RNA uses the information to enable the cell to synthesize the particular protein.
What sugar does RNA contain?
Ribose
What is the similarities and differences of DNA and RNA?
Similarity: Both are five-carbon pentose sugar which form nucleotides with base and phosphate (sugar + base + phosphate = nucleotides). Bases: The DNA is made up of adenine, guanine, cytosine and thymine while the RNA is made up of the adenine, guanine, cytosine and uracil.
What happens during transcription?
Transcription takes place in the nucleus. It uses DNA as a template to make an RNA molecule. RNA then leaves the nucleus and goes to a ribosome in the cytoplasm, where translation occurs. Translation reads the genetic code in mRNA and makes a protein.
How would you know that this molecule is an RNA nucleotide?
As mentioned earlier, however, there are three fundamental differences that account for the very different functions of the two molecules. RNA is a single-stranded nucleic acid. RNA has a ribose sugar instead of a deoxyribose sugar like DNA. RNA nucleotides have a uracil base instead of thymine.
What is the function of DNA?
Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is a nucleic acid that contains the genetic instructions for the development and function of living things. All known cellular life and some viruses contain DNA. The main role of DNA in the cell is the long-term storage of information.
What are the three major differences between DNA and RNA quizlet?
How is RNA different from DNA? RNA is different from DNA is three ways: (1) the sugar in RNA is ribose not dioxyribose; (2) RNA is generally single-stranded and not double-stranded; and (3) RNA contains uracil in place of thymine.
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